English
OBLAST A LOKACE
Polsko se rozkládá ve střední části Evropského kontinentu a jeho celková rozloha je více než 322,500 km čtverečních. Z tohoto důvodu je to 9. největší země v Evropě po Rusku, Ukrajině, Francii, Španělsku, Švédsku, Německu, Finsku a Norsku, a celkově 63. země na světě (v rozloze). Polsko je zemí, která je položená relativně “nízko, ” asi 91,3 procenta země je jen 300 metrů nad mořem. Nejvyšším bodem je hora Rysy v Tatrách (2499 m), zatímco nejnižší bod najdeme na západě od vesnice Raczki Elblaskie (1,8 m pod hladinou moře).
V Polsku jsou tři hlavní horské oblasti: Karpaty, Sudetské hory a Góry Swietokrzyskie (Holy Cross Mountains), 21 hor je vyšších než 2,000 metrů nad mořem. Nejdelší řeky jsou Vistula (1047 km dlouhá), další Odra (845km), Warta a Bug. Polsko má také jeden z největších počtů jezer na světě – téměř sto tisíc, které se rozkládají každé na rozloze větší než 1 hektar. V Evropě pouze Finsko má větší hustotu jezer. Největší je jezero Sniardwy (11,383 ha) v Mazurách a nejhlubší je jezero Hancza (108,5 m) v Podlaskie vojvodství. Polsko je administrativně rozděleno na 16 vojvodství.
KÓD OBLASTI
+48
OKOLNÍ ZEMĚ
Polsko sousedí s Německem na západě, s Českou republikou a Slovenskem na jihu, s Ukrajinou, Běloruskem a Litvou na východě a Baltským mořem, Kaliningradem (ruská oblast) na severu.
MĚSTA
Warsaw is the capital city, with a population of 1,706,624 inhabitants. Other big cities are Łódz (763,192 inhabitants), Cracow (756,583), Poznań (560,932), Gdańsk (510,717), Szczecin (407,811), Bydgoszcz (361,222), Lublin (351,806), Katowice (317,220).
PODNEBÍ
The climate is mostly temperate throughout the country. The climate is oceanic in the north and west and becomes gradually warmer and continental as one moves south and east. Summers are generally warm, with average temperatures between 20 °C (68 °F) and 27 °C (81 °F). Winters are cold, with average temperatures around 3 °C (37 °F) in the northwest and −8 °C (17.6 °F) in the northeast.
MĚNA
The official currency is Złoty (PLN), divided into 100 groszy. American Express, Diners Club, Visa, PLUS and Eurocard/MasterCard are accepted in places frequented by tourists.
VZDÁLENOSTI
Warsaw is situated 558 km from Vienna, 516 km from Berlin, 515 km from Prague, 533 km from Bratislava and 947 km from Bucharest.
IMPORTANT TELEPHONE NUMBERS
General Emergency Number 112
Police 997
Fire Brigade 998
Ambulance 999
Road Assistance 981
Municipal Wardens 986
MEZINÁRODNÍ LETIŠTĚ
Polish airlines: www.lot.com
Warsaw: www.lotnisko-chopina.pl
Cracow: www.krakowairport.pl, www.lotnisko-balice.pl
Gdańsk: www.airport.gdansk.pl
Katowice: www.gtl.com.pl
Łodz: www.airport.lodz.pl
Poznań: www.airport-poznan.com.pl
Rzeszów: www.lotnisko-rzeszow.pl
Szczecin: www.airport.com.pl
Szczytno: www.airport.szczytno.pl
Wrocław: www.airport.wroclaw.pl
Bydgoszcz: www.plb.pl
Zielona Góra: www.lotnisko-zielonagora.pl
LANGUAGE
The official language is Polish. However, English, German and Russian are among the better known foreign languages spoken.
MOBILE OPERATORS
Three major phone network operators: Centertel, belonging to TP S.A. capital group, Polkomtel S.A. and Polska Telefonia Cyfrowa S.A.
NATIONAL HOLIDAYS
1st January: New Year’s Day, 13th March: World´s Day of Remembrance for Victims of Katyn Massacre, 1st May: State Holiday, 2th May: Flag Day, 3rd May: the Anniversary of the Constitution of May Third, 28th June: Day of Remembrance of the Poznań June 1956, 15th August: Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, 28th August: Day of Polish Airforce, 31st August: Day of Solidarity and Freedom, 14th October Day of National Education, 16th October: Day of Pope John Paul II, 1st November: All Saints´ Day, 11th November: National Independence Day, 25th and 26th December: Christmas Holidays.
POLITICAL SYSTEM
Parliamentary democracy.
POPULATION
38,115 million inhabitants. The vast majority of Poland’s people (97%) are of Polish origin. The remainder is of German, Ukrainian, Jewish, or Belorussian origin.
POWER NETWORK
Electricity is 220V/50Hz, the standard European two point plugs.
PRESIDENT
Andrzej Duda since 2015
RAIL TRANSPORT
Major Polish cities are interconnected by Intercity express trains running between European cities. The national railway network is serviced by the Polish State Railways: www.pkp.pl
ROAD TRANSPORT
Bus: state and private bus companies throughout the country – www.eurolinespolska.pl, www.orbis-transport.pl, www.gullivers.de
Rent a car: www.avis.pl, www.budget.com, www.europcar.com.pl, www.awos.com.pl, www.gtlservice.com.pl, www.jolcar.com.pl
TIME
CET – Central European Time: UTC/GMT + 1 hour. CEST – Central European Summer Time: UTC/GMT + 2 hours.
TAXI SERVICE
Taxi stands are marked with the TAXI sign. Taxis can best be booked by phone. You can order a car on the number 919 (one for the whole of Poland), or to find a number of other companies: www.infotaxi.org. Higher rates are charged for travel out of city limits, on Sundays and holidays; a special night fare is applied between 10 pm and 6 am.
WATER TRANSPORT
By boat: from Sweden. Karslkrona by Stena Line www.stenaline.pl, Nynashamn, Visby. From Denmark: Copenhagen, Bornholm.
By yacht: bigger marinas are located in Szczecin, Leba, Hel, Gdynia and Gdańsk.
